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  Unix/Linux Geschichte 
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 Linux: Unix aber nicht UNIX(TM)
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    Unix clone (komplett neu geschrieben)
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    Ist zur Zeit das weitverbreiteste Unix System
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    Der Erfolg von Linux hat viele Väter      
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    Linux wäre nichts ohne die Entwicklungen vor ihm
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  Weisse Schrift: UNIX/Linux Einflüsse
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    Gelbe Schrift: Historische Computerhardware zum Vergleich

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  Unix/Linux Geschichte 
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 1969: Unics 
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      UNiplexed Information and Computing System
      Hardware: DEC PDP 7  
      Erste (wichtigste) Anwendung: "Space Travel"
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  1971: Intel 4004
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           1. General Purpose Microprozessor 
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 1971: Portierung auf DEC PDP 11
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 1972: Pipes eingeführt
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      Kommandoverkettung
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      In einer Nacht wird UNIX komplett umgeschrieben
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  Unix/Linux Geschichte 
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 1973: Unix V4: auf C umgeschrieben
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      Einfache Portierung auf andere Rechnerarchitekturen
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  1974: Xerox "Alto"
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        "1. moderner Rechner": Office Anwendungen mit Netzwerk, Maus, Fenster, Icons usw.
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 1974: Universitäten lizensieren Unix 
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      Quellcode in Lizenz enthalten
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      DEC PDP 11 OS vom Hersteller unbeliebt
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  1976: Cray1 Supercomputer
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 1977: Unix verlässt DEC PDP Hardware 
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      Interdata 8/32, später: DEC VAX, IBM VM/370

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  Unix/Linux Geschichte 
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  1977: Apple II
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 1979: Unix V7 
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      "last true UNIX"
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  1979: Commodore PET
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 1980: Micro$oft lizenziert Unix (Xenix)
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      Micro$oft kümmert sich erstmals um Betriebssysteme
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      Xenix Entwicklung geht später an SCO
%%   http://www.theregister.co.uk/content/4/24504.html
%%   Dan Webb (Micro$oft Anwalt): "bis M$Windows 3.1 wurden
%%        Excel and Word mit vi unter Xenix geschrieben"
%%   http://www.maccare.com.ar/pc_ing.htm
%%   1980: Microsoft adapted all of its software to run on this OS.
%%   1983: Microsoft Word, ... was first anounst during this year.
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  1981: IBM PC 
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  1982: Commodore C64
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  Unix/Linux Geschichte 
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  1982: Intel 80286
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 1983: Unix Spaltung: BSD und System V
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 1983: Richard M. Stallman startet GNU
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      Komplett freies Betriebssystem + Entwicklungsumgebung
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      langjähirges Problemkind: Kernel (Unixgrundprogramm)
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 1983: MSDOS 2.0 addiert Xenix API
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      (API = Programmierschnittstelle)
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      Directories und verkrüppelte Pipes
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      Micro$oft Word bis Version 4 unter Xenix verfügbar
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  1984: Apple Macintosh
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  1985: Intel 80386
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 1986: XWindows (X10) veröffentlicht
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      Netzwerkfähiges GUI für UNIX
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 1987: Minix (Andrew Thanenbaum)
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      2. Unix clone (komplett neu geschrieben)
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      Lehrbetriebssystem mit offenen Sourcen 
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      geringer Preis
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      Übersichtlichkeit der Quellen höchstes Ziel
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      lief (nicht nur) auf Intel PC's
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      keine Erweiterungen: (Netzwerk, GUI usw.)

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  Unix/Linux Geschichte 
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 1988: erster Internet Wurm 
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     Netzwerk UNIX Virus
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  1989: Intel 80486
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%%NeXT was Steve Jobs' first major computer after leaving Apple. It was released
%%in late 1989, and featured a Motorola 68040 processor 

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 1990: Posix (offizieller ISO Standard)
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     Definiert einfache Betriebssystemschnittstellen
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     Später erweitert, auch auf die Kommandozeile
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 1991: Linus Torvalds beginnt Linuxkernel
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     Unter Minix mit GNU Werkzeugen crosscompiliert
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 1991: Thomas Röll veröffentlicht X386
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     XWindows (X11) für Intel PCs (Unix System V) 
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  Unix/Linux Geschichte 
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 1992: 1. Linux Veröffentlichung (per FTP)
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     Linuxsystem (0.11) kann sich selbst übersetzen
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     "This is a program for hackers by a hacker"
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  1992: 64-Bit Microprozessoren (MIPS R4000, DEC Alpha)
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 1992: SGI veröffentlich OpenGL
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     portables 3D API (Unix, M$Windows, Apple...)
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 1992 (Oktober): SLS Linux Distribution
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      Erste standalone Linux Distribution
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 1992: X386 wird zu XFree86
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 1993 ??? beginnt Samba
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     UNIX als M$Windows Fileserver 
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 1993: Brian Paul beginnt Mesa3D
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     Freier OpenGL Clone (nicht nur) für Linux
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  1993: Intel Pentium
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 1993: (Dezember) Linux 0.99pl14
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     Linux ist ein ausgewachsenes Betriebssytem
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 1993: (Dezember) FreeBSD 1.0 
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     freies UNIX(TM), basiert auf 4.4BSD-Lite
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  1994: Apple Power Macintosh
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 1995: Apache (freier Webserver)
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 1996: HURD (GNU Kernel) endlich fertig
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 1997: erster Linux spezifischer Virus 
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 1997: erster Hardwaresupport für Mesa3D  
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 1998: KDE 1.0 released 
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 1998: Informix Datenbank 
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    eine der ersten kommerziellen Linux Anwendungen
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 1999: Linux auf IA64 (Itanium)
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 1999/2000: Darwin/MacOS X
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      basiert auf FreeBSD 
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      X11/XFree86 ist Fremdsoftware
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      M$Windows wird letztes nicht UNIX OS für PC
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 2000: Minix wird freie Software
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      BSD style license
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      12 Jahre früher und GNU, Linux usw. wäre nie passiert
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 2001: Sony PlayStation 2 Linux Kit
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  Unix/Linux Heute
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  Richard Stallmann: 
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    There is no system but GNU,
    and Linux is one of its kernels.